The Shining Path, led by Abimael Guzmán, first gained prominence in the Ayacucho region of south-central Peruvian highlands (see Map 1). Therefore, this has been one the country’s bloodiest conflicts in recent history. According to the Peruvian sponsored Truth and Reconciliation Commission, as many as 70,000 Peruvians were killed throughout the insurgency. Although the Shining Path has carried out attacks in recent years, it has been on a much smaller scale. The most active and violent period of the insurgency lasted from 1980-1995. Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) is a Maoist faction of the Peruvian Communist Party that began its armed struggle against the Peruvian government in 1980. The Shining Path of Peru: An Analysis of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency Tactics
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